Orthopaedics is the medical specialty that cares for diseases and conditions of the musculoskeletal system. This system includes your body's extremities, joints, ligaments, tendons and nerves. Orthopaedic physicians are trained in the workings of the musculoskeletal system including congenital and hereditary disorders. The alternatives methods, surgical procedures, and physical techniques are available to restore form and function to the musculoskeletal system.